Facing the End of Middle Age free essay sample

A middle aged womans view on aging. This paper reports the findings of an interview with a middle aged widow. Her views on the difficulties she will face as she ages are expressed. Research from the relevant literature on the topic is included. The interviewee is a 57-year-old female retired teacher. This is her first year of retirement. Nancy was a special education teacher who left teaching twice before to pursue other interests. One time she went to work for a publisher, and the other time she left to write a book about special education. She is a widow whose husband passed away about six years ago. She has two daughters, both away from home most of the year. One is in college and the other is in graduate school. She is proud of their accomplishments and feels that she and her husband did a good job of raising them. We will write a custom essay sample on Facing the End of Middle Age or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, neither show any interest in getting married at this time, and she doesnt expect to have either sons-in-laws or grandchildren for some time. She reports that this is fine with her and is glad to see them getting a good start in life before they start a family. She herself had these children later in life, at age 32 and 35.

Maps of the Ancient Near and Middle East

Maps of the Ancient Near and Middle East Maps of the ancient Near East that can be used for personal research, for classroom or lecture use, or for publication on your website can be found on the Internet, it just takes a little digging. The websites listed below are portals for what are in some cases decades of research by dedicated scholars, some based in universities, some independent scholars. Youll find an index and a few examples of the maps available on each website listed here. Note that terms of use are also listed in the descriptions for each site, but also know that these can change with little notice, so if you plan to use the maps on a website, be sure to contact the editors first to make sure you wont be in copyright violation. The University of Texas at Austin: Perry-Castaeda Library The Perry-Castaà ±eda Library is based at the University of Texas at Austin, and truly the best of the bunch. UTAs PCL Map collections include high-resolution scans of historical atlases from all over the world.   Terms of Usage: Most of the maps are in the public domain, and no permissions are needed to copy them, no matter where you are using them. They would appreciate credit (and a small donation) to University of Texas Libraries as the source of the scanned images. PCL Map collections IndexMaps of the Middle EastAncient Jerusalem, 356K JPG city map, scanned from Palestine and Syria. Handbook for Travellers by Karl Baedeker, 5th Edition, 1912, showing elevations, landmarks, modern and ancient walls.The Macedonian Empire, 326-323 BCE, from the Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd, 1923. Insets: The Aetolian and Achaian Leagues. Includes a plan of Tyre.Palestine in the Time of Saul about 1020 BCE, scanned from the From Atlas of the Historical Geography of the Holy Land. Smith, George Adam. London, 1915 David Rumsey Map Collection David Rumsey has collected over 85,000 geo-referenced maps over the past thirty and more years, focused on very high-resolution scans of rare 16th- through 21st-century maps of the world. They are astonishing in their detail and resolution. Middle Eastern maps are in the Asia collection, with a specialized Luna viewer to assist in the creation of slideshows suitable for classroom use. Terms of Usage: Images may be reproduced or transmitted under a Creative Commons license that allows education and personal use, but not commercial use. For commercial use, contact the editors. Main Index pageAtlas indexLuna Viewer of Asian mapsClaudius Ptolemys Map of the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East from Cyrpus to Babylonia, published in 1561 by Girolamo Rscelli and M. Giuseppe MolettiHenry Schenk Tanners 1819 map of the worldHistorical maps from Google Earth, some georeferenced maps are also made available by the David Rumsey Map CollectionGeo-referenced Buddhist map of the world made in 1710 The Mapping History Project The Mapping History Project at the University of Oregon has developed a set of interactive and animated maps of fundamental history problems that require Shockwave, as well as straight downloadable images. English and German versions. Usage Terms: Contact the editors for academic and commercial use. Main Index of the Mapping History ProjectEurope Map Archive (including Ancient Near East, as well as Greek and Roman maps)Europe Image Library. John Nichols photographs of Roman and Greek ruinsPolitical Change in Mesopotamia 3000-1000 BCE Interactive map using shockwave to show successive political waves from Sumerian to Kassite with Babylonian, Assyrian, and Agade along the way.Sea People of the Late Bronze Age. Map of the Near East shows major cities all located along waterways, from Troy in the north to Nile Delta cities and Memphis in the south. Also shows movements of armies and naval forces.Ancient Near East Empires 700–300 BCE, Shockwave interactive map. Oriental Institute: Center for Middle Eastern Studies (CMES) The OIsCenter for Middle Eastern Studies (CMES) has made pdf versions of maps of the Islamic World available on its website. Terms of Use: The terms are not specifically identified with regard to the maps, but there is a contact page that you should use before publishing these maps elsewhere. Index of MapsArabia before the Muslim conquestsThe Mongol Empire 1260 CE Oriental Institute: CAMEL The Center for Ancient Middle Eastern Landscapes (CAMEL) project at the University of Chicagos Oriental Institute has a vast collection of maps and other images from the Near East, but only a handful of the maps are currently online. Terms of Use: Publication, distribution, exhibition, or reproduction is prohibited without prior written permission. Main Index for CAMELCAMEL Maps, a list of available sources of public domain holdings, but youll need to contact the OI to obtain copies.Search engine for OI collections. Use this to search CAMEL for maps or other resources.Survey of Egypt: Orographical Map of the Nile BasinSurvey of Egypt: Map of Cairo Showing Islamic MonumentsAncient Near East Site Maps IndexIraq Site Map. A greyscale map of archaeological sites in Iraq, including Akkad, Babylonia, Assyria, and Sumer located alongside the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Major cities and other rivers included in line drawing. My Old Maps Independent scholar Jim Siebold has been collecting and scanning old maps and writing detailed monographs about them since the turn of the 21st century, under a range of different websites beginning with the Henry Davis Consulting Firm. His most current and up-to-date version of the ongoing project is the My Old Maps website. Terms of Use: Low-resolution images may be downloaded and used with accreditations; high-resolution images are available for free from Siebold on request. My Old Maps Main indexMaps from Antiquity  indexBabylonian Clay Tablet World Map. Circular map from 600 BCE which if the interpretive redrawing is correct shows Babylon, Armenia, and the Bitter River.The Earliest Known Map, town plan of 6200 BCE Catal Hoyuk. HyperHistory Online HyperHistory Online is a long-term project by architect and independent scholar Andreas Nothiger, whose main claim to fame is a huge History Chart that begins with the Old Testament prophets of David and Solomon and ends with World War II. He has a substantial collection of maps, drawn for his project. Terms of Use: Not listed on the website, but an email contact is provided. Main Map Index for HyperHistory OnlineIndex of Maps of AntiquitySumerIsrael and Judah. Bible Maps Bible Maps is a Canadian website that has loads of maps, constructed on the basis that the Bible is literal fact, pure and simple; chronologies are based on strict biblical interpretations. Terms of Use: Free to look at, print, and share in churches and schools, but not permitted to sell or post on line. Details on use and construction are listed on the home page. Main Index Twelve Tribes, as described in the book of JoshuaAbrahams Journey from Ur Al Mishraq: The Levant Al Mishraq is a Norwegian site dedicated to the history and archaeology of the Levant region of western Asia. The site has a handful of interesting maps, but they are spotty in quality. Terms of Use: Not provided on the site, but an email address is provided on the homepage. Index of Maps and Geography15th Century Map of the Arabic World, high-resolution image of Nazam al-Din al-Hussein bin Muhammad al-Nishapuris Sharh al-Tadhkarah map.Map of Beirut, 1876, from the Danish Vice-Counsel Julius Là ¶ytvedA Glimpse of Yesterday. In addition to showing the place name variations between Aramaic, Canaanite, and Arabic, the site explains the arbitrary temporal and geographic distinctions between Ancient Near East and Middle East.

The future has begun Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The future has begun - Research Proposal Example Moreover, the process that food goes through when in the farm also determines on their quality. Natural nutrients for plants and animal produce the healthiest food for human beings. The use of chemical to enhance growth contributes to unhealthy effect when people consume such products. Underwood argues that the process of producing better beef have a cost to consumers. He says that Bryan Gilvesy beef is not just a beef like other, but a lean, tender and clean beef (Underwood). Underwood discusses the life of Bryan Gilvesy as an experienced farmer. He has worked in his farm for more than 15 years taking care of his longhorn cattle’s which have a diverse breed that overcome diseases and feed on a variety of plants. Moreover, the cattle’s do calve with minimum human interference. Therefore, the way into the future is likened to the work of producing good quality beef that have healthier nutrient that increases the nutrient taken by human

Work Setting as a Learning Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Work Setting as a Learning Environment - Essay Example What would students on placement do with learning programs in clinical environments? The learners expect to accomplish the appropriate professional and inter-professional theoretical and practical objectives in their curriculum. Working in the clinical environment can present challenges but with ready and efficient placement programs, the prospective clinical professional achieves coping strategies. Satisfactory placement environment also promotes academic excellence (McCulloch, Rathbone and Catchpole, 2011). Â  The clinical experts would not ascertain their clinical experiences if the work setting did not offer them the right platform for learning. Not only does a professional or student clinical officer achieve and evaluate varied perspectives of dealing with health care issues, but also increases the hope and expectations of realizing the ultimate as public health policy requires. The work setting becomes the ideal starting point for students and clinical officers because every day presents new challenges and opportunities. Â  The health officers would lack research and advance education pathways without a proper clinical learning environment. Gopee (2015) acknowledges healthcare institutions as the ultimate centers for sustaining inter-professional learning, creating the desire to advance in education and conduct research. Research is critical due to the dynamic nature of healthcare concerns. Â  Teamwork and leadership increase the scope of responsibilities for healthcare professionals within the practice setting (McCulloch, Rathbone, and Catchpole, 2011).

Obstacles Facing Women Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Obstacles Facing Women - Coursework Example Women are their worst enemies and lack financial aid to empower themselves. The novel talks of children living with their parents. The mother in law is a reckoning force in persecuting her fellow women in the house. This reveals many similarities that the women in Asia face with monetary institutions. The women complain of the tough conditions that are put in place to get a loan in Asia (Bhagwati, 2004). There are also good fortunes that befell women in Asia, hard work focus and dedications, make the women be successive. The young boy that survives in the city and become successful falls in love with a young woman who strongly works her way through to became successive. There is corruption, cartels lack of funds and unemployment that face women in Asia. This is told through the young man’s interaction with women in the streets. The wrong influence of globalization and the acquiring of negative is the main catalyst in the hurdles facing women. However, through perseverance there is

The World Association Of Travel Agencie Tourism Essay

The World Association Of Travel Agencie Tourism Essay With globalization of economy the world wide communication has increased tremendously along with the touring activities. These touring activities may be for recreation business or any other purpose. A travel agency is an agency that makes the necessary arrangements for travelers (Referenced from, Concise Oxford Dictionary 9th addition Page 1485). The travel agent is supposed to be an expert who can make the knowledge of various destination available to his clients regarding mode of travelling paper work like Passport, Visa and money exchange, Hotel Accommodations for stay like hostels etc, Car rental, connectivitys and local tour etc. A new aspect of tour agency has developed recently i.e. Internet Traveling Agencies using the internet facilities. In terms of the business a travel agency can be defined as a retail business selling products and services which are related with the travel activities. A travel agency works on behalf of the suppliers of such facilities like Airlines, Cruise Companies, Car Rental, and Hotels etc. According to the work a travel agency may specialize into holiday package, business tours, educational tours etc. A new dimension of traveling has emerged i.e. Medical tourism related with services provided to a patient. HISTORY Cox and kings is supposed to be the pioneer company in the field of modern touring. It started in 1758 as Recreation Company for the wealthy customers of a private bank. Thomas cook followed Cox and Kings with establishment of the chain of agencies in 19th centaury with a partner i.e. mid land railway. They sold their own product to the public as well as other tour packages from different tour companies. Other pioneers travel agencies include polytechnic tourism association, co- operative wholesale society and Dean Dawson. All these travel agencies are of British origin. In America the pioneers in the field are Brownell Travel. With development of commercial aviation in 1920s the travel agencies become more and more popular in the public further boom was there in the post-war period with development of mass- market packet holidays specially developed for the working class customers in British owned colonies. OPERATONS AND FUNCTIONING A travel agency is mainly an agent which sells products and services relative with the traveling on behalf of the suppliers. They do not have a ready stock in hand unless a customer request for the same. Most of the travel agencies thrive on commissions given to them by the suppliers In uae7% commission is paid by the airlines to the travel agencies. These agencies have direct links with hotel chains cruise lines and airlines for their activities. RESOURCES AND REVENUE STRUCTURE A travel agency has got two means of revenue earnings i.e. commissions and professional fees. Commissions: These are the main source of income for most of the travel agencies. A travel agency is paid commission by the suppliers of the products and services like airlines etc. Usually the commissions are supposed to be given on a fixed ratio basis. However in case of an agency providing higher volume of business to the supplier it may demand a higher percentage for its services. It is called as override. To enhance their business a travel agency may prefer to pass on some part of this commission to its preferred customers in order to fetch more business. This is the reason that some time a ticket of an airlines is available at a higher price when purchase from a open market and at a lesser price with the agency. Travel agencies also help the airlines to fill their empty seats at the last minutes. Professional fee: A travel agency may charge professional fee from its client if it is not getting commission from the service provider. This may be a percentage premium of the total cost of tour or may be charged on a flat rate basis. Other commercial activities: These include travel insurance, providing travel guiding time tables, car rental and on site Bureau de change services provided by the travel agencies of large chains. A standard fee may be charge for the same. Promotional Activities:- Travel agencies have to take help of print and electronic media for their promotions. This constitutes a major expenditure. This may include hoardings, advertisements and other professionals advertising Apart from this the other expenditure are usually administrative and liasoning activities. Liasoning activities are supposed to be vital to get business in bulk. Sales:- There are four stages of sales sequences for a travel agency :- Enquiring about needs of a customer. Development of a personal rapport with the customer. Good presentation of the products and services and their major suppliers. Actual sales. ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES A better customer satisfaction may be generated if a travel agency uses adequate technologies to provide instance services to its clients. CUSTOMER PROTECTION: SURETY BONDS Like all other business travelling too has a risk of commercial failure so majority of the travel agents have the insurance policies against such calamities. These are called surety bounds and are well advertise by the travel agencies if they have this facility. This means that the clients are guaranteed either the refund of the money or an equivalent holiday according to their preference. These bounds are usually provided by IATA (International Air Transport Association), ATOL ( Air Travel Organizers Licensing), ABTA (Association of British Travel Agents and ASTA (American Society of Travel Agents.) HOLIDAY SUPER MARKET CONCEPT A new concept known as Holiday Super Market Concept has developed in recent years after low cost no frill airlines started their international operations. This is a mass market package holiday in which the clients choose their holidays from brochures on racks. TYPES OF TRAVEL AGENCY There may be many classifications of travel agencies as follows:- According to their specialization. According to geographical operations. According to size. According to specialization Leisure Travel Agents: These agencies operate like tourism ambassadors of foreign companies. or example A company having its head quarter say in Japan might set up various offices around the world to promote tourism to that country. These travel agency will work to promote the business of their mother company in Japan acting as a general sale agent for that company. Business Travel Agents:- with globalization of the economy a new phenomena of globalization of business has emerged requiring a frequent travelling of higher executives and policy makers of a company to different countries. Their needs may be different from those of holiday tourists. To cater this class of travelers a travel agency will have to specialize in this field so as to guide them to have better deals for their business. Abu Dhabi is a place of interest for both type of travelers due to its world class airport, improved infrastructure, and high connectivity as well as presence of large number of places of tourist interest. Medical Tourism: A new dimension called as Medical Tourism has been added to the tourist activities worldwide. This phenomena has emerged because of the fact that there is considerable differences exist between the cost of medical facilities in developed companies and those of so called developing countries. This is also called Medical Tourism, Health Tourism or Global Health Care. A travel agent specialized in medical tourism should have the working knowledge of specialized surgeries like Joint Replacement , Cardiac Surgeries , Psychiatry, Alternative medicines etc. and should be able to guide its client in this regards. According to Geographical Operations: There are two types of travel agencies depending on their areas of geographical operations :- Out Bound Travel Agency :- These are located in the country of the traveler. These are traditional multi- destination agencies. In Bound Travel Agency:- These are located in the country of destination or more commonly at a place of certain major events like sports events these are usually independent and cater to a special market (Niche Market) they deliver and expertise on that location only. Out bound travel agencies are usually much larger than the in bound agencies, the former being a chain of agencies in most of the cases while the letter are usually small individual travel agency Classification according to size In USA these are classified as under :- Corporate Owned Chains. National / International Franchises. National Membership Associassion. Independent agencies. Corporate Owned Chains:- These are the large chains and usually owned by the international giants like Cox and Kings etc. They have got a consistent policy about their products and services, commissions, fees and their operations. National / International Franchises:- They too have a consistent policy of their operation and their prices. National Membership Association:- These are usually less commissions focused as they rely more on their member ship fee. Independent agencies :- These usually do not have any brand affiliation their policies and operation may vary according to the needs and means of an individual client . Other classes Cargo Travel Agencies:- These travel agencies specialise in shipping cargo from one destination to other. Freighter travel: This may be considered as special class of travelling. Some of the cargo companies may ferry passengers along with the cargo. The clients of such companies / agencies are usually the budget travelers like retired persons, students etc. Who have got plenty of time. Internet Travel Agencies With the development of internet the clients have started planning their own business tours with the help of this facility. These are also called as travel agency this allows the travel agents to let their clients to compare a wide verity of facilities like Hotels, Car Rental Airlines Tickets and need of Paper work according to their destination for example you may not get entry into Arab Countries if you have got Stamp of Israel on your passport for VISA purpose. There is a palpable threat that the traditional travel agencies may be greatly affected because of the introduction of Internet in the business. However this threat is not real. The use of internet for travelling purpose provides you both facilities i.e. convince of self served booking through Internet and that of taking help of a professional person when you need it. Many travel agencies created their own websites with detailed information of their services like online booking. Examples of major online travel agencies are cheap tickets, Voyages sncf.com, Hotwire.com, orbitz and travelocityand expedia etc. A system called as GDS or Global Distributed System is also used for computer reservation. It is a subsidiary of travel port which allows these agencies to book or sale airline tickets, hotel booking and car rentals and other services related with traveling. Travel agencies using GDS facilities include Galileo CRS, Sabre, worldspan etc. While trying online booking with the help of internet travel agency one must keep the following aspects in mind:- Different airline for entire tour Different airlines for different parts of the tour Connectivity and alternative modes of transportation Hotel accommodation or alternative accommodation available at the destination point Positioning Flights. Management of dates of visit with different locations in case of multiple destination tours Different Airports and their connectivity Different routing. Split Ticketing: Consideration of advantages and disadvantages of split ticketing with regard to the period of tour, possible stay time at a particular destination point so as to take maximum advantage of stay. Loop-holes.: These are the unfair means of business i.e. the gross difference between the advertised facilities in a product and the ones actually provideds on the spot. Paperwork and formalities A good online travel agency must be capable of advising its clients over all these issues. A travelogue or travel literature is travel writing with literary value which typically records the experience of its authors touring a place or geographical area. One must take the help of this type of literature while seeking the advice of a web based travel agency. Travel literature may be a cross cultural or transnational in nature. It may also cover a big geographical region within the same countries or different countries. The Tourism Industry is diverse and includes many sectors including: accommodation, transportation, food and beverage, attractions, events and conferences, adventure tourism, travel trade, and tourism services. The Tourism and hospitality industry integrates general management concepts with the professional knowledge that is required by the tourism and hospitality industry. A typical travel agent acquires knowledge and skills in communication, research and analysis of the travel related problems with their solutions and organizations of tours. Examples of typical travel agents are:- Adventure Travel Guide. Events planner. Tour guide. Camp counselor. Naturalist Cruise Director. Travel Planner. Recreation Director. All of them are specialist of their field of travel related activity and help the travelers to organize their tours in a most fruitful manner. Take Over Activities in Travel Business:- Like all other business take over practice is common in this field. Such activities may be of two types:- Vertical Integration. Horizontal Integration. Vertical Integration:- some travel agencies may have large business and may be able to take over the other travel agencies with low value of business. A vertical integration means taking over of a firm having a different but related business. For example A large chain of tour operator may take over an airline with the aim to be benefitted from the lower cost of allocation air travel services to its customers. Sometimes this activity may be very complex and many facts have to be considered before under taking such type of activity. This means that in vertical integrated system of business one organization should be able to offer a travel package to the customers through its own resources with no help from outside. In this type of integration the business will be able to control its cost of operation in a more effective manner. However problems may arise if the business grows too large to be operated efficiently by the available number managers. Many tour operators indulge in wrong business practice by branding different part of the whole business differently and giving each part a different name this is supposed to be un- ethical. It is the right of the customer to know whether a relationship persists between the tour operator and the travel agent. Horizontal Integration:- This is a business activity when an agency of offering one travel product takes over another one which offers the same travel product or service this can be exemplified by taking over of GO by Easy Jet in 2002. Ethics of Travel Agency:- Being a part of the hospitality industry a travel agency must follow the rules of hospitality ethics which may vary from one geographical area to another. Contemporary Ethics:- In modern western world, hospitality is not related with protection and survival. It is associated with etiquette and entertainment. However, it still requires showing respect for guests, providing for their needs and treating them fairly. The hospitality to strangers, personnel friends and relatives may vary according to the culture and sub-culture. South Central Asia:- In south central Asia the hospitality has a strong code of conduct specially in the people called as Pashtus. These people have an ancient set of ethics stressing on Milmastiya or Hospitality. The feeling of hospitality is so great in Pakhtunsitan is such that it is also nick named as The Land of Hospitality . Middle East:- In middle east, it is a cultural to take care of foreigners and strangers. These ethics are reflected in many Biblical commands. Arab World :- In Arab World, there is set of stern obligations for both host and guest. It believes that a bond is formed just by eating salt under one roof. An Arab story tells about the extent of feeling in this regard. It tells us about a thief who tasted something to know if it was suger. He realized that it was salt and thus put back all that he had stolen and left the place. Greco Roman Ethics:- According to the Greco-Roman philosophy hospitality is a divine thing the host is expected to make sure that the needs of his guest are fulfilled. Indian Ethics:- The principle of Atithi Devo Bhava or The Guest is God is the driving force of hospitality for this reason the Indian approach towards guest at home and in all social situations is that of graciousness. Swot Analysis of Travel Agency of Business Being a secondary business activity travel agency business is affected by many factors like boom and crisis in other business activities, war and disturbances, natural calamities etc. Strengths:- The strength of a travel agency lies in its goodwill and a business profile giving distinct market advantage upon which one can capitalize the market plan following is a list of points of strength for a a travel agency:- A thorough knowledge of history and geography of the area of operation. Excellent relationship with product suppliers like airlines, hotels and car rental. Membership with strong association. Strong reputation in the market. Well placed location. Good contact with press and media. Adequate financial resources. Excellent customer list with high customer loyalty. Availability of good destination specialist. Low customer to employee ratio. Customer attentive staff with excellent communication skill. An unique with high end service offering. Weakness:- Being a secondary business activity travel agency business can be affected by many factors like calamities, war or economic slump. Being a comparatively new business activity the exploration of opportunities is still not complete. Finding good employees with necessary skills and customers centric attitude is a difficult and challenging task. Offering new and exiting trips at a regular interval and maintaining high quality is also a task which is difficult to achieve. Many times it is very difficult to find a proper location. For a new business set up financial aspects are also very important as traveling is a business requiring large volume of money. Opportunities:- A good working knowledge of international, national, regional and local trends is a must to fetch the fortune from the existing opportunities in travel agency business. One can find a number of opportunities with the help of ever changing social atmosphere of contemporary world. UAE is called the Land of opportunity .Following is a list of possible opportunities for a new travel agency. It is a growing market that is yet to be adequately explored. Growing numbers of professionals with boom in latest technology of computer science and internet. Globalization of economy. Better Connectivity Abu Dhabi International airport is a well connected transportation hub of the world.It served 9.02 million passengers in 2008 with a growth of 30.2% on 2007.The total number of passengers is expected to reach 50 million as the Abu Dhabi is expected to become a major Transportation hub in Middle East. Improved public transport system :- Public transport system of Abu Dhabi consists of buses, taxis and airplane. There will be a huge expansion of public transportation with completion of 130 km of metro and 340 km of tramway and bus rapid transit(BRT) routes. This is expected to be completed within the government plan called as Surface Transport master Plan DEMOGRAPHY: More than 75% population of Abu Dhabi consists of expatriates from different part of world like UK, India, Pakistan Other countries of South East Asia pacific Asia, Africa and china. This demographical pattern provides an excellent opportunity for travel related business. Business boom resulting into a positive trend of economy with increased spending capacity of general people. Financial capabilities of the management to spread over head expenditure in a number of events. Growing economy after last recession. Affective use of print and electronic media for mass communication. Emerging trend of group travelling and budget travelling involving more and more people in traveling activities. Tax structure of UAE favors business personales Threats:- Being a secondary business activity travel agency business is affected by many factors like boom and crisis in other business activities, war and disturbances, natural calamities etc. The travel industry will be affected in a negative way by a slump in the economy. The terrorist activities in a geographical area will badly affect the travel relative business in that area. Entrance of other service provider in the area of operation Low fair no frill cheap airlines are the threat to the travel agency business as they give facilities for the travelers to make their own arrangements for travel Latest trend of home entertainment like TV watching, etc has a negative impact on travel agency business. Marketing Plan of a Travel Agency To make a marketing plan for a travel agency the study of following factors is considered to be essential:- Situation analysis. Market needs. Market trends. Market growth. Market summary. Situation Analysis:- The analysis of the basic needs of the traveling market according to the situation is the primary need of a travel agency. It must be realized that the trends in the travel activities are ever changing and their analysis is always necessary to make program according to the situation. Market Needs:- The market needs in traveling may vary according to the clients. The needs of a wealthy client may be entirely different from those of a budget traveler. Selection: The selection of services according to the need of the client is a basic and essential recruitment of travel agency business. Accessibility:- The services and products of a travel agent must be accessible for its target client. Customer attention:- Contemporary business ethics follow the principle of customer delight FEE Structure: With emergence of low cost budget airlines commission of travel agency has been affected badly compelling them to impose fee. The service fee of a travel agency should be such that it should not be taken as a bitter pill by the client. MARKET TREND IN TRAVEL AGENCY BUSINESS:- Holiday making is the main reason of travelling worldwide. The second reason of travelling is business tours. For holiday making a traveler usually prefers an inbound tourism while a business tours may be both inbound and outbound according to the need of the business. Emerging medical tourism usually has an outbound dimension. With the growth of economy after last recession tourism is again gaining popularity as a leisure activity globally. Over 922 million international tourist was recorded in 2008 with a growth of 1.8% compared to 2007.However 2009and 2010 have felt a dip due to global slowdown and threat imposed by H1N1 influenza virus. A WTM report in November 2010 has announced a slow recovery of travel industry after the crisis. A report by Euro monitor International, a leading market trend analysis firm gives an insight into the upcoming trend of travelers in near future. There are seven regions of focus in travelling sector. North America UK Europe Middle East Africa Asia Latin America NORTH AMERICA: -The trend in North America is called as that of deprivation holidays The clients enroll themselves in boot camps with an aim to improve their health and balance. This trend has a positive impact on growth of spas and camps. UK: The trend of travelling in UK is that of Middle East Investment. Many companies from Middle East have shown their interests in Brands of UK including Luxury hotels, private jet operators and travel retailers(travel agency) with London emerging as a Hot spot for the luxury travelers . EUROPE: In Europe the business travelers have revolutionalised the tourism business with Smartphones based on GPS . It was their need to take help of mobile travel technology to make last minute change of their schedule which compel them to use mobile applications offering such services like flight booking ,travel guide, tourist information etc. Middle East:- this region is seeing a post Iraq war boom with support by GCC countries . Gulf investors are coming in Iraq with an upward trend in business tourism and revival of travel industry Africa:- South Africa is fast developing as world hub for world class space technology and astronomy. There is a growth potential for astrotourism attracting all classes of travelers from independent ones to families, amateur astronomers to professional ones creating more and more demand for accommodation to observe clear night sky. Latin America:- Latin Americas is characterized by poor infrastructure for travelling and lack of tourism services resulting in a slump of travel agency business . Due to vast territory Latin America has countless opportunities for travel agencies for travelers interested in exploring the interiors of this geographically isolated area. Asia:- Asian countries are characterized by emotional touch in hospitality business creating a special type of brand loyalty. Different hotel locations use different scent s as brands. MARKET GROWTH;- An average 4% growth of tourism industry has been anticipated by World Tourist Organization(UNWTO) . e- commerce has made the tourism products one of the most traded business items on the internet. New products have also been added to the list of high-tech facilities like space tourism ,airship hotels ,space elevators and hydropolis(underwater hotels).All these have a direct and positive impact on travel agencies. GROWTH OF TOURISM IN TOP 10 COUNTRIES (Period 2006-2009) Rank Country Regional Market International Tourism Receipts (2009) Tourism Receipts (2008) Tourism Receipts (2007) Tourism Receipts (2006) 1 USA North America $93.9 bln $110.0 bln $97.1 bln $85.8 bln 2 Spain Europe $53.2 bln $61.6 bln $57.6 bln $51.1 bln 3 France Europe $49.4 bln $55.6 bln $54.3 bln $46.3 bln 4 Italy Europe $40.2 bln $45.7 bln $42.7 bln $38.1 bln 5 China Asia $39.7 bln $40.8 bln $37.2 bln $33.9 bln 6 Germany Europe $34.7 bln $40.0 bln $36.0 bln $32.8 bln 7 UK Europe $30.0 bln $36.0 bln $38.6 bln $34.6 bln 8 Â  Australia Oceania $25.6 bln $24.8 bln $22.3 bln $17.8 bln 9 Â  Turkey Europe $21.3 bln $22.0 bln $18.5 bln $16.9 bln 10 Â  Austria Europe $19.4 bln $21.6 bln $18.9 bln $16.6 bln Source: The world tourism organization report **bln : Billion TOP SPENDER COUNTRIES ON TOURISM Rank Country Regional Market International Tourism Expenditures (2009) International Tourism Expenditures (2008) International Tourism Expenditures (2007) International Tourism Expenditures (2006) 1 Germany Europe $81.2 bln $91.0 bln $83.1 bln $73.9 bln 2 Â  United States North America $73.2 bln $79.7 bln $76.4 bln $72.1 bln 3 Â  United Kingdom Europe $50.3 bln $68.5 bln $71.4 bln $63.1 bln 4 Â  China Asia $43.7 bln $36.2 bln $29.8 bln $24.3 bln 5 Â  France Europe $38.5 bln $41.4 bln $36.7 bln $31.2 bln 6 Â  Italy Europe $27.9 bln $30.8 bln $27.3 bln $23.1 bln 7 Â  Japan Asia $25.1 bln $27.9 bln $26.5 bln $26.9 bln 8 Canada North America $24.2 bln $27.2 bln $24.7 bln $20.6 bln 9 Â  Russia Europe $20.8 bln $23.8 bln $21.2 bln $18.1 bln 10 Â  Netherlands Europe $20.7 bln $21.7 bln $19.1 bln $17.0 bln Organizations of travel agencies For obvious reasons various organizations of travel agencies were formed by their members. Following is a brief account of impotents associations and organizations of travel agencies:- Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority (ADTA):- This is a legal organization establis

Not Everyone Can Be a Servant Leader Essay -- Servant Leadership

There are ten characteristics of a servant leader: listening (communication between leaders and followers as an interactive process that includes sending and receiving messages), empathy (â€Å"standing in the shoes† of another person and seeing the world from their point of view), healing (to make whole by caring about the well-being of their followers), awareness (being acutely attuned and receptive to physical, social and political environments), persuasion (clear and persistent communication that convinces someone to change), conceptualization (ability to be a visionary for an organization and providing a clear sense of its goals and direction), foresight (ability to know the future and predict what is coming based on what is happening now and what has occurred in the past), stewardship (taking responsibility for the leadership role and accepting responsibility to carefully mange the people and organization), commitment to the growth of people (helping each person grow per sonally and professionally), and building community (fostering the development of the community), (Spears, 2002 as cited in Northouse 2013). I think that most people are probably capable to be servant leaders; however, I do not agree that everyone can learn to be a servant leader or even desire to be a servant leader. A servant leader as stated above has to have certain characteristics. Not everyone has all of these characteristics nor do I think these characteristics can be learned. It seems to me, either you have them or you don’t. If you don’t have all these characteristics, it would seem to me that servant leadership wouldn’t be as effective and therefore, would have greater chance of failure on both the leader and the follower. For example, some people sim... ...ply don’t want to put forth such a tremendous amount of behavior that is required to be a servant leader. I think that if the right type of individual is selected, servant leadership can produce very good results not only for the leader, but also the follower and ultimately the organization. As Norhouse (2013), explains, servant leadership has been used in a variety of organizations including Starbucks, AT&T, Southwest and more. It has also been taught at many colleges and universities as well. I think that with the right individual and the right training, it is a very successful type of leadership; however, I still don’t agree that everyone can learn to be a servant leader. References: Northouse, P.G. (2013). Servant Leadership. In L.C. Shaw & P. Quinlin (Eds.), Leadership theory and practice (6th ed.) (pp.219-252). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.

Organisational Behaviour Report Essay

Conflict is not confined at the individual level alone but is manifesting itself more and more in organizations. Employees have become more vociferous in their demands for a better deal. Various departments in an organization face a situation full of conflicts due to a number of reasons like goal diversity, scarcity of resources or task interdependence etc. Conflict Dysfunctional Conflict can take an interpersonal form. Conflict between individuals takes place owing to several factors, but most common are personal dislikes or personality differences. When there are only differences of opinion between individuals about task-related matters, it can be construed as technical conflict rather than interpersonal conflict. Technical and interpersonal conflicts may influence each other due to role-related pressures. One may put the blame for low sales volume on the production manager not meeting his production schedule and may start disliking the production manager as an incompetent person. It is often very difficult to establish whether a conflict between two parties is due to manifest rational factors, or it emanates from hidden personal factors. Conflict Functional These types of intragroup conflicts arise frequently due to an individual’s inability to conform to the group norms . Most groups have an idea of a â€Å"fair day’s work† and may pressurize an individual if he exceeds or falls short of the group’s productivity norms. If the individual resents any such pressure or punishment, he could come into conflict with other group members. Usually, it is very difficult for an individual to remain a group-member and at the same time, substantially deviate from the group norm. So, in most cases, either he conforms to the group norm or is rejected by the group. Of course, before taking any such extreme step, he or the other group members try to influence each other through several mechanisms leading to different episodes of conflict. Analysis A lot of conflict is generated within organizations because various groups within the organization hold ‘conflicting’ values and perceive situations in a narrow, individualistic manner. An example that comes readily to mind is that of the managment-labour conflict. Labor feels that management is exploiting it because in spite of making a profit, management does nothing for the economic welfare of labor. On the other hand, management feels that the profits should go to cash reserves so as to make the company an attractive proposition for investors. Another example is the conflict between engineering and manufacturing. Engineering lays stress on technological sophistication and precision and is accused by manufacturing of designing products that will last for many years but that the customers cannot afford. It is maintained that since an organization is composed of individual and they had different perceptions of goals and dithering values, conflict is bound to arise in the organization. Managers of various departments have separate priorities and conflicting ideas about resource allocation. Hence conflict is the unavoidable outcome. Subordinates may clash with the manager over whether the work can be accomplished in the given period of time or not. They might even argue with subordinates at their own level over the best possible way to do a given job. Thus conflict is an unavoidable outcome but at the same time it is assumed that conflict need not always be detrimental. Under some circumstances it could focus on problems and instigate a search for better and more innovative solutions to problems. Though conflict can lead to more creativity in problem solving and be beneficial to organization under certain conditions, yet it is perceived that conflict as harmful— something to be resolved once it arise. The views about human nature are that people are essentially good; trust, cooperation and goodness are given in human nature. Accordingly, the major antecedent conditions which induce aggressiveness and conflict in people are the faulty policies and structure resulting in distortion and breakdown in communication. Hence the manager’s role in resolving conflict is to restore understanding, trust and openness between parties. It is not easy to build a strong corporate culture in any organization. A strong culture is based on strong ethics. This is very important for the success of the organization in the long-run. It is very easy to adopt short-cut methods to reach the top but the downfall also comes at the same rate. Ethics ensure that the organization does not adopt short-cut methods to achieve success; instead it stresses on the concept of sustained success. Every organization has its own code of ethics and standards in a written form. The code of ethics normally contains the following points: †¢ Honesty †¢ Fairness in practices of the company—Disclosing the inside information; †¢ Acquiring and using outside information—Disclosure of outside activities by the employer to the employee; Each organization has its own set of code of ethics. Making negotiations has been identified as one of the primary responsibilities of any manager. Negotiations may involve allocating resources, investing capital or introducing new products. If resources like men, money, machines, materials, time and space were abundant, clearly any planning would be unnecessary. But, typically, resources are scarce and so there is a need for planning. Negotiation making is at the core of all planned activities. We can ill afford to waste scarce resources by making too many wrong negotiations or by remaining indecisive for too long a time, Negotiation making under risk: A negotiation is made under conditions of risk when a single action may result in more than one potential outcome, but the relative probability of each outcome is known. Negotiations under conditions of risk are perhaps the most common. In such situations, alternatives are recognized, but their resulting consequences are probabilistic and doubtful. While the alternatives are clear, the consequence is probabilistic and doubtful. Thus, a condition of risk may be said to exist. In practice, managers assess the likelihood of various outcomes occurring based on past experience, research, and other information. A quality control inspector, for example, might determine the probability of number of ‘rejects’ per production run. Likewise, a safety engineer might determine the probability of number of accidents occurring, or a personnel manager might determine the probability of a certain turnover or absenteeism rate. Negotiation making under uncertainty: A negotiation is made under conditions of uncertainty when a single action may result in more than one potential outcome but the relative probability of each outcome is unknown. Negotiations under conditions of uncertainty are unquestionably the most difficult. In such situations a manager has no knowledge whatsoever on which to estimate the likely occurrence of various alternatives. Negotiations under uncertainty generally occur in cases where no historical data are available from which to infer probabilities or in instances which are so novel and complex that it is impossible to make comparative judgments. Negotiations under complete uncertainty are as difficult to cite as example of decisions under absolute certainty. Given even limited experience and the ability to generalize from past situations, most managers should be able to make at least some estimate of the probability of occurrence of various outcome. Nevertheless, there are undoubtedly times when managers feel they are dealing with complete uncertainty. The number of factors to be considered and the large number of uncontrollable variables vital to the success of such a venture can be mind-boggling On a personal level, the selection of a job from among alternatives is a career decision that incorporates a great deal of uncertainty. The number of factors to be weighed and evaluated, often without comparable standards, can be overwhelming.

Caroline Fergusson Gordon Essay Essay Example

Caroline Fergusson Gordon Essay Essay Example Caroline Fergusson Gordon Essay Essay Caroline Fergusson Gordon Essay Essay Essay Topic: A Christmas Carol Caroline Fergusson Gordon ( 1895-1981 ) was a literary critic and a celebrated American novelist. During her mid-thirtiess. her productive in literary plants was vindicated by her being awarded two esteemed literary awards. The first awarding took topographic point in 1932 by the Guggenheim Fellowship. while the second was offered in 1934. and is known as O. Henry Award. This lady was born and brought up in Kentucky. Todd County. Having received her high degree instruction from her father’s Clarksville Classical School in Montgomery. Tennessee. she subsequently graduated in Bethany College in west Virginia. a position that subsequently allowed her to work as a society intelligence author with the Chattanooga Reporter Newspaper. Caroline Gordon got married to Allen Tate. though the matrimony ended up in a divorce. The divorce was still marked with frequent and friendly correspondence between the two. It is during this matrimony that Caroline Gordon converted to Catholicism. It is during this period that Caroline Gordon wrote until she got crippled by a shot that hit her on March 1st 1981 in San Cristobal. Mexico. a topographic point in which she lived during her ulterior old ages. At 85. she passed on two hebdomads subsequently after the subsequent surgical intercession. The authors positions as a Catholic The writer’s positions as a Catholic have non been overtly spelled out. given the fact that the author takes a household that is undergoing day-to-day battles and life’s experiences to convey out the really underpinnings that life portends. This means that there is no manner the author in this book gets to air out her positions that may be kindred to religion. As a affair of fact. it is the normal societal facet of the household that is given the Centre phase in the scene. Therefore. to a layperson or one reading without paying attentiveness to spiritual or religions affairs. the book can easy be dismissed as a strictly secular discourse. However. there is clarity in stating that the book has spiritual undertones. given the fact that it contains hints of religionism. The household that gets to be the mouthpiece of the author is presented as a spiritually minded one. and a Christian 1 for this affair. Traces of these include: the expression of the grace before repasts ; and the observation of the Christian festivals and jubilations such as the Christmas and the Easter. Otherwise. apart from these hintings. there is nil else that is given by the author by which it can be known. the writer’s sentiment towards Catholicism and/ or Christian religion can be constructed. It can be said that the author airs her positions on Catholicism or as a Catholic. if it is to be justly assumed that the author intended for the household to be a Catholic one. and as such. an ideal one. by the virtuousness that it patterns the really deeds that are attendant to the philosophies and tenet of the Catholic church. The ends of the author Similarly. this means that the ends of the author every bit far as faith is concerned. are non explicitly spelled out. On the contrary. the beliefs that the author wants to convey are carried out throughout the essay by Mr. Maury’s household and kinsmen. Therefore. this means that the ideals and sacraments of faith ( or Catholicism ) are clearly fulfilled in household life. Through the portraiture of Mr. Maury’s household life. the subjects of human life ( an of import aspect of Christian or and Catholic anthropology ) are clearly divulged upon. For case. it is through Mr. Maury’s household dealingss with its members that subjects such as success. difficult work. love for one another. bias. aging. dotage. among others are brought to the bow. Carilus ( 2005 ) postulates that since. â€Å"the overall message of Christianity ( of which the Catholic Church is mainstream ) is love. the household can be said to be normal or average† ( 90 ) . While it shows a batch of love and understanding for its household members ( Mr. Maury ) . yet it portrays some incompatibility. courtesy of the fact that it exhibits racial bias against the black race. This is clearly seen by the fact that it refers to this race by utilizing a derogatory word. â€Å"Ni**a† . However. more incompatibility on the side of the writer is besides evidenced by the author. given the fact that she portrays the household as an ideal one. one that allows a black retainer to dine with it on one manus. while on the other manus. the household at times is seen to utilize acerb linguistic communication on the same race it welcomes at the tabular array. The meeting of the subjects From the reading experience. I can non state that the subjects have been clearly met. and particularly if the subject were meant to convey the particulars of Catholicism. This is because. the really patterns that are observed by Mr. Maury’s household cut across all faiths and Christian denominations. As a affair of fact. constructs such as familial love pervade faith such it is about natural to love members of the household. Therefore. there can be no stating that the author is successful in portraying an ideal household in the eyes of the Catholic tradition. Literary devices and subjects that have been used in the essay There are assorted devices and literary accomplishments that have been put to utilize by Caroline Gordon as the writer of the book. Dominant among this is the usage of direct looks or direct address. A direct address that betrays the racial bias in this household is â€Å"†¦You can larn something from these niggers†¦ you merely need to cognize how to manage them well† . This literary device tallies along the full plot line and is usually used by all literary artistes because it usually has an consequence of lighten uping the full narrative. At the same clip. it is through the usage of direct address that the author gets the ability to uncover the attitudes and sensitivities of all the characters presented in the book. The other literary device that Caroline Gordon as the literary artiste uses is flashback. It is through flashback that readers get to larn that Mr. Maury developed complications in his leg when coming from a hunting fling. At the same clip. it is through these flashbacks that it is possible to larn that Maury was in his hey yearss a university professor. and that Mr. Maury was non merely a lover of runing. a effort that he carried out during his leisure clip. but that he was a good huntsman himself as good. All these literary devices are usually used so as to maintain the reader on class with the subject in the plot line ( Weatherford 199 ) . Conflicts between religious and artistic ends There are serious struggles that exist in this Caroline Gordon’s work. These disparities stem and stand on the footing that the author writes with her will flex towards run intoing religious subjects or subjects that are kindred to Catholicism and its instruction in one terminal. In the other terminal. the artiste intends to portray in an expressed mode. the very underpinnings of life. However. given the fact that faith and positive spiritualty has its demands and claims to norms and criterions for the disciples every bit far as lifestyle and address is concerned. it is expected that any author who pledges commitment to spiritualty or a certain faith. maintain up to the criterions and to adhere by the tenet thereof. These struggles are best depicted by the fact that Caroline Gordon desires intensely to uncover the really crisp stabs of the divide and the bias that exists between or / among races. To this consequence. it behooves Caroline Gordon as a Christian and a Catholic for this affair. to utilize strong words such as â€Å"Ni**a† . These words are non merely considered as transporting racial undertones against the black race. but at the same clip. the words are graded as curses and as such. are classified with the â€Å"F† and â€Å"B† words as profanities. A expression at any conventional or standardised lexicons refer to the above phrases as derogatory and tabu words. yet Caroline Gordon uses the â€Å"N† word. Leenhouts ( 2001 ) says that â€Å"although others may wax polemical. stating that Caroline Gordon’s employment of this word is innocently or immorally motivated by the purpose of painting the existent and clear image. yet. critics remain clear of the affair stating that even the Bible. the Holy Book that Christians and Catholics uphold as God’s inspired word anathematizes the dabbling with these words† ( 121 ) . To this consequence. Christians are expected to hold address that is seasoned and graceful. Based on the above affair of linguistic communication art. and decency. the work of Caroline Fergusson Gordon has been found by many as violative on two counts. The first count is that the work is easy passed on by the black race as racialist sentiments. This state of affairs is festered by the fact that Caroline Gordon herself is of the white race. Even the likeability of there being a possibility of Caroline Gordon utilizing the â€Å"N† word immorally to vividly paint racism is brushed off by the black race as a instance of utilizing the cloak of poetic licence to cover maliciousness. On the 2nd count. there are readers who have the leaning to go through on the book as being coarse in linguistic communication on evidences of Christianity ( or Catholicism ) or spiritualty. This because words that are counted as curses are ever associated as debased. immoral and indecent. The opposite consequence on a reader There are bound to be opposite effects on the readers or the general potency readers as a recoil towards the linguistic communication as an artistic device that is put in employment by Caroline Gordon. This recoil is foremost pegged on the fact that there is ever a strong filial inherent aptitude that exists among people of the same race. It is based on this that a racialist slur directed towards a mere person can direct the whole race in the full Earth protesting. The black race is hence likely to eschew the book and to reprobate it as being racially bellicose. Personally. I do non like reading books that contain indecorous and racially polarized undertones. Conversely. it offends as a Christian that a fellow Christian or a Catholic for this affair can utilize derogative words against a fellow brother for whatever ground. This puts off. given the fact that the Earth in its entireness is working towards planetary coherence and integrity. Soon. books such as these have no topographic point in the rational universe. given the fact that they are denied the chances of being school set books. based on the extremely dissentious subject of racism. As a reader who has carried out extended research and group treatment on the book. it is non surprising that I have encountered a figure of people who have given their sentiments against the book. on counts of the derogative term. Although the writer. Caroline Gordon might hold harbored baronial purposes. yet. the usage of the word has evidently put a negative consequence on the readers. and particularly readers who are socially witting. However. it is of import to observe that there are those who acclaim the book as positively stark in nature across all the racial divides. This group posits that it is because of the extremist usage of words that the society is slapped in the face into a province of world that surrounds it. Decision That Caroline Gordon’s work is a work piece that the full universe of literature can showcase is a fact that can non be repudiated. This is more so because beneath the normal defects that shroud the book. the writer. Caroline Gordon shows a batch of accomplishments by demoing the ability to utilize a individual household to reflect on the affairs that underlie human life and religious or Christian or Catholic subjects. Plants cited Carilus. Joseph. Literary unfavorable judgment: A comprehensive usher. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2005. Leenhouts. Anna. History and literature. New York: Prentice Hall. 2002. Weatherford. Doris. American adult females in literature. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 200

Shrek and Lord Farquaad Essay Example

Shrek and Lord Farquaad Essay Example Shrek and Lord Farquaad Paper Shrek and Lord Farquaad Paper Essay Topic: Film In this essay I am going to analyse the characters of Shrek and Lord Farquaad and write how filmmakers use different presentational devices to create an unusual fairy tale. Traditional Fairytales consist of basic concepts and themes. Good always seems to defeat evil. One of the characters we have all come across in fairytales is the Ogre. When we first think of the Ogre, the thoughts and attitudes towards the character would be, firstly, the related words ugly and strength. These are important characteristics of the Ogre. He uses these to scare away other people. There is a sense of fear in the Ogre. To sum up the Ogre, he is large, unfriendly, terrible looking and a lonely creature that can be considered as a bad guy in fairytales. Another fairytale character who is common in many stories is The Prince. He is literally the opposite of the Ogre. He is usually a handsome brave man who in fairytales rescues a beautiful woman who he truly loves. The prince is a hero in many tales. These two characters are very important and their values contribute deeply into the meaning of the story in which they are found. Characters, which make up a fairytale world, are stereotypes of those characters in a ideal world. For example we transfer the image of someone brave and who is a hero into someone like the prince. Language is an important device. It can create the impression of good and evil in both characters. The main character of the film and the centre of the story is Shrek himself. The film is set up and laid out like a normal fairytale. The beginning starts off like a typical fairytale, starting Once apon a time At the very start of the film it is different, unconventional and new ideas are added, like when Shreks big hand shuts the book at the beginning. We are introduced to him straight away. The setting at the beginning of the film is not tradition because it is set in a swamp where you expect and Ogre to live. The camera shots are mostly close-ups at the beginning. They are focusing on the character. When the village people arrive at Shreks swamp, he sees them, so he gets cross, therefore he tries to intimidate them by saying forcefully, I will grind your bones for my bread and shave your liver and make jelly from your eyes. He tries to daunt them by saying, Ogres are worse than giants. The characters run away in fear. Shrek comes across as a conventional ogre because he scares the characters like you would expect them to do. He uses quick phrases to create a sense of fear so the characters will deliberately become horrified. During this scene there is a camera shot which is very effective. A close up is taken of Shreks mouth to make them think he is going to eat them. Afterwards, Shrek meets donkey. Due to Shreks nature, he immediately tries to scare Donkey away. He follows Shrek to his swamp. One of the surprising characteristics about Donkey is that he can talk. Shrek roars at him to try and terrify him. Donkey does not seem intimidated and is not scared. He just says, You need some tictacs because your breath stinks. Later on in the scene, Shrek is sat at his table when three blind mice come out looking for food. He tries to catch them but fails. When he eventually catches them he reminds them, I am a terrifying Ogre, what do I have to do to get a little privacy around here? The behaviour of donkey and the mice tell us that Shrek is not a traditional ogre because he does not really want the mice and donkey to go as he likes their company. From the attitudes towards these characters we can conclude that Shrek is very lonely and doesnt like to be close to others. Shrek isnt capable of doing horrible things to others even if he really wanted to. He feels sad and feels others hate him and do not want to get to know him. Shrek and Donkey take a visit to Dulok to try and get Shreks Swamp back. They are going to see Lord Farquaad and tell him that the swamp is his and no one elses. Shrek is not even vaguely frightened about going to him. As the film progresses, we learn that Shrek is really not all that frightening. Lord Farquaad orders Shrek to go and rescue Princess Fiona from the tower. Whilst in the Lords court the makers use lighting to make it seem like a tense atmosphere by dimming the lights, which makes it darker. Shrek does as he is told and goes to rescue the princess. The presentational device used is not traditional. The setting is where Shrek goes to get the princess from the tower. A dragon stops them going to awaken the princess. This scene is opposite of stereotypes of traditional fairytale scenes. Everything is opposite to what it should be. In a traditional fairytale, a handsome prince slays the dragon, rescues the princess and they share first love. But in Shrek, the ogre comes into the castle, does not slay the dragon and leaves. When Shrek gets to the top of the tower he awakens Fiona vigorously. There is no romantic moment in this part, again another untraditional device is used. Fiona is another character who is not frightened of Shrek and can communicate normally. So not everyone thinks badly of him. When they are escaping a quick tune is played in the background. This creates an effect that they are eager to escape. During the film we learn that Lord Farquaad is not a traditional prince as he has an evil side to him. You can tell hes bad by the way he talks and treats others, like the gingerbread man. He laughs at him and throws him in the bin. A presentational device is used here. Lord Farquaad tortures the gingerbread man and this is not normally the case in fairytales. A high angle camera shot is used to make Lord Farquaad look big compared to the gingerbread man. He is short, mean, not handsome and greedy. This shows his character is unconventional of that a fairytale prince. Greed is shown when he wants to marry a princess for the sake of being king. A traditional prince would want to marry a princess to share love. Lord Farquaad is not a stereotypical character. Many different camera shots are used in Shrek. A high angle camera shot is used when the camera moves from ground level upwards to reveal his tower. It is useful because it makes Lord Farquaad seem higher and more honoured and Shrek and Donkey appear small land less important. High camera angles are useful and help the viewers to get a better feeling of whats going on. Middle angle camera shots are also used like when Princess Fiona is cooking breakfast. Lighting, music and sound effects are a big part in the film. Music reflects the characters emotions, for example when Shrek is unhappy the music is slow. Lighting often portrays minor events like the ending of Princesss song. Brighter lighting adds the feeling of a warmer and a happier event.

Employee Training & Development and Organizational Benefits Dissertation

Employee Training & Development and Organizational Benefits - Dissertation Example The economy demonstrates immense uncertainties which has made knowledge one the most important and reliable source of sustaining competitive advantage. Today, knowledge has evolved as the basic capital which triggers the process of development. Initially competition was primarily built on the foundation of the possession of specific resources at low costs. However, the trend has now shifted to the possession of knowledge and knowledge management, which forms a basic component determinant of competition between organizations. Today, modern organizations use resources like time, energy, money and information for the permanent advancement and training of their human resources. Organizations extensively involved with the creation of new knowledge, extending it within the entire organization and also implementing it with the new technologies have evolved as producers of quality goods and services (Vemic, 2007, p.1). Training and Development is an important component in the field of human resource management as it is concerned with those organizational activities which are aimed at improving or bettering the performance of employees in the organizational settings. Training primarily encompasses three activities, namely training, education, and finally development. It involves the transfer of skills and knowledge from a working expert to learners in order to improve their current job performance. The concept of development is much wider. It involves a multi faceted frame of activities aimed at bringing someone from his present level to a different threshold of performance. The project aims to bring forth the effectiveness of employee training and development activities in organizations. Firstly, it begins with presenting the aims and objectives for the purpose. This is followed by a literature review of the topic which emphasizes on different aspects of the subject. A primary research is also conducted which brings out the extent to which training and development acti vities help in the benefit of the organization. The results of the research is briefly presented, interpreted and analyzed at the end of the report. The project concludes by presenting the required recommendations on the subject. Research Aims and Objectives The report primarily aims to bring forth the requirement of training and development in organizations in enhancing employee productivity and organization performance. The main objectives of the research are To bring forth the effects of training and development in organization, To analyze the impacts of training in the productivity of employees, To investigate the different training and development practices adopted in organizations To determine the interrelationship between training and development and organization performance, and To analyze the changing trends in the training and development patterns in organizations across industries. Literature Review Employee Training and Development in Organisations Organisations in the U nited Kingdom and their managers have constantly exhibited

Familial Hypercholesterolemia Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Familial Hypercholesterolemia - Term Paper Example The remaining cases of FH is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding for apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100), located at the short arm of chromosome 2, which reduces ligand affinity for the normal receptors. As a result, plasma concentration of LDL-C increases (Al-Allaf, et al., 2010). The more common heterozygous FH is diagnosed by an average LDL-C level of greater than 160 mg/dl for two measurements (Jacobson, 2007). It is said that 1: 500 individuals suffer from it, more than those who have homozygous cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia. Typically, serum cholesterol is at 250-450 mg/dl (6.5-11.6 mmol/L) and LDL-C is at 200-400 mg/dl (5.2-10.4 mmol/L) (Al-Allaf, et al., 2010). Early intervention only warrants lifestyle changes, while therapeutics are needed in late cases where lifestyle modifications are already ineffective (Jacobson, 2007). On the other hand, the rare homozygous FH is characterized by total serum cholesterol levels of greater than 500 mg/dl (13 mmol/L) and LDL-C levels of greater than 450 mg/dl (11.7 mmol/L). It occurs in 1: 1, 000, 000 individuals. As a result of hypercholesterolemia, xanthoma on the tendons of the distal extremities and premature development of corneal arcus exist among individuals with homozygous FH. In addition, they develop cardiovascular diseases earlier relative to those with heterozygous FH (Al-Allaf, et al., 2010). FH carriers, on the other hand, are much more difficult to detect as they present with a wide variety of signs and symptoms (Broekhuizen et al., 2010). . There is no current treatment for the genetic mutation in FH, since studies on the effectiveness of gene therapy with surgical intervention are still ongoing (Al-Allaf, et al., 2010). However, if the signs and symptoms of FH are ignored, it can lead to premature fatal cardiovascular diseases, stroke and myocardial infarction (Daskalopoulou, Doonan and Mikhailidis, 2010). It increases the risk for hastened arterial plaque development, which normally begi n in early childhood and peak during adolescence (Jacobson, 2007). It is thus important to prevent these cardiovascular changes from happening so that better physical and social outcomes can be achieved and healthcare costs are minimized (Al-Allaf, et al., 2010; Broekhuizen et al., 2010). SUMMARY OF FINDINGS Approach on patient with hypercholesterolemia A person with high lipid levels is worked-up based on the stage of the disease at which presents. Hyperlipidemia in an otherwise healthy patient without family history of early myocardial infarct, stroke or peripheral vascular disease, only warrants basic lifestyle patient education regarding proper diet, exercise, and smoking prevention. Diet diary, food frequency questionnaire, and inquiries on usual food intake during the interview can illicit points at which dietary restrictions can be focused on. Meanwhile, if family history is present, fasting lipid profile is needed to determine whether average LDL-C is greater than 160 mg/dl, in which case the target LDL-C is set at below 130 mg/dl and therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) are advised (Jacobson, 2007). Non-pharmacological management In managing patients with FH, it is important to prioritize risk factors and to intervene them in a step-wise manner. In dietary modifications, decreasing intake of sources